The short answer
Bleeding gums are most often a sign of gingivitis, an early, reversible form of gum disease caused by plaque along the gum line. Gentle, thorough brushing and daily cleaning between your teeth often help within a couple of weeks. If bleeding continues, see your dentist.
Common causes
- Plaque building up along the gum line (gingivitis)
- Brushing too hard or using a hard-bristled brush
- Starting to floss after a break
- Hormone changes, such as during pregnancy
- Some medicines, including blood thinners
- Smoking, which can hide bleeding while gum disease gets worse
What you can do at home
- Brush gently twice a day with a soft toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste
- Angle the bristles towards the gum line
- Clean between your teeth every day; bleeding often settles as gums get healthier
- Don’t stop brushing an area because it bleeds
Signs it may be gum disease
- Bleeding that lasts more than two weeks
- Red, swollen or tender gums
- Bad breath or a bad taste that doesn’t go away
- Gums pulling back from the teeth
- Teeth that feel loose or have moved
How a dentist helps
Your dentist will check your gums, measure any pockets between your gums and teeth, and may take x-rays. Early gum disease is usually treated with a professional clean and better cleaning at home. More advanced disease may need a deeper clean below the gum line and regular maintenance visits.
Common questions
A little bleeding is common when you start flossing again, and usually settles within one to two weeks of daily cleaning. Bleeding that continues should be checked.
Early gum disease (gingivitis) can usually be reversed with good cleaning. More advanced gum disease can be managed and kept stable, but damage to bone may not fully recover.
This article is general information, not advice for your situation. Please see a dentist for advice about your teeth.
